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Validated Polygraph Techniques

Validation of Matte Quadri-Track Zone Comparison Technique
Validation of Backster Zone Comparison Technique
Validation of Integrated Zone Comparison Technique
Validation of Federal Zone Comparison Technique
  • 1998 Field Study published in Polygraph, Vol. 28, Nr. 2: 149-175.
  • 2005 Field Study published in Polygraph, Vol. 34, Nr. 3: 184-192.
  • 1985 Field Study published in Polygraph, Vol. 14, Nr. 2: 108-117.
    Federal ZCT Overall Accuracy: 89% without Inconclusives. 16% Inconclusives.
    Source: Polygraph, Vol. 35, Nr. 3: 149-155, 2006.

Validation of Reid Technique
  • 1977 Field Study published in Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 62, Nr.2: 127-126.
  • 1988 Field Study published in Journal of Police Science and Administration, Vol. 16, Nr. 3: 198-209.
  • 1990 Field Study published in Polygraph, Vol. 19, Nr. 2: 105-117.
    Reid Technique Overall Accuracy: 83% without Inconclusives. 6% Inconclusives.
    Source: Polygraph, Vol. 35, Nr. 3: 149-155, 2006.
Validation of Army Modified General Question Technique (MGQT).
  • 1988 Field Study published in Polygraph, Vol. 28, Nr. 2: 149-175.
  • 2000 Field Study published in Polygraph. Vol. 29, Nr. 2: 185-194.
  • 1993 Laboratory Study published in Journal of Applied Psychology.
    Vol. 75, Nr. 5: 788-794. Reprinted in Polygraph, Vol. 23, Nr. 3, 195-218.
    MGQT accuracy for Deceptive cases: 97% correct. 7% Inconclusives.
    MGQT accuracy for Truthful cases: 25% correct. 35% Inconclusives.
    Overall accuracy. 61% correct without Inconclusives. 21% Inconclusives.
    Source: Polygraph, Vol. 35, Nr. 3: 149-155, 2006.
Utah Zone Comparison Technique
  • 1985 Laboratory Study published in Applied Psychology, Vol. 70, Nr. 1:177-187.
  • 1987 Laboratory Study published in Psychophysiology, Vol. 1, Nr. 3: 421-247.
  • 1994 Laboratory Study published in Applied Psychology, Vol. 79, Nr. 2: 252-259.
  • 1988 Laboratory Study published in Applied Psychology, Vol. 73, Nr. 2: 291-302.
  • 1978 Laboratory Study published in Psychophysiology, Vol. 15: 126-136.
  • 1997 Laboratory Study published in Psychophysiology, Vol. 34, Nr. 1: 108-115.
  • 1986 Laboratory Study published in Polygraph, Vol. 15, Nr. 1: 1-39.
    Utah CQT Overall Accuracy: 90% without Inconclusives. 12% Inconclusives.
    Source: Polygraph, Vol. 35, Nr. 3: 149-155, 2006.


NOTE: Laboratory studies have been criticized as lacking the emotional involvement of real-life examinees whose fear of detection or error is proportionate to the dire consequences, usually imprisonment and its attendant perils. For a full discussion on the merits and pitfalls of laboratory studies versus field studies, you are invited to read “Guiding Principles and Benchmarks for the Conduct of Validity Studies of Psychophysiological Veracity Examinations Using the Polygraph” published on this website.

The Army Modified General Question Technique also known as the MGQT cited above is still used in the public and private sectors in spite of its dismal record in the identification of Truthful cases (25% correct) and an overall accuracy of 61% correct decisions.


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